This second volume in the CONTEMPORARY STUDIES ON LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE series, titled "Recent Approaches in Humanities", presents a wide-ranging collection of essays that reflect the evolving landscape of literary and cultural inquiry today. Bringing together voices from various disciplines, the volume explores how language operates as both a medium of communication and a tool of power, identity, and meaning-making. From pragmatic analyses of Shakespearean drama and feminist readings of folklore to metaphysical reflections on animal presence and philosophical debates on AI-generated texts, the contributions engage with the ethical, political, and aesthetic dimensions of literature. Whether examining the transformation of myth, the performative force of speech, or the impact of digital authorship, each chapter reaffirms the humanities' capacity to address complex human experiences in times of rapid change. As part of the Contemporary Studies on Language and Literature series, this volume continues to promote interdisciplinary dialogue and critical innovation across the field.