Dr Haijun Zeng, Ph.D., is Vice Dean of the Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, China, Deputy Director of the Educational Informatization Strategy Research Base (Beijing) of the Ministry of Education, and Deputy Director of the National Engineering Research Center of Cyberlearning and Intelligent Technology. His main research interests are online education and Digital Learning Support (DLS) service system. 

Jiahao Liu is a Ph.D. student at the School of Educational Technology at Beijing Normal University, China. His main research interests include smart education, social experiment, and digital learning capacity. 

Dr Di Wu is Member of the Expert Group on Education Informatization, Ministry of Education, China. He is Professor of the Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Education (FOAIE) at Central China Normal University, Vice Director of the National Engineering Research Center for E-Learning, Vice Director of the National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, and Managing Director of the Educational Informatization Strategy Research Base (Central China), Ministry of Education, China. He has mainly engaged in the research on planning and evaluating education informatization development, and monitoring and evaluating teacher and student digital literacy. 

Lijie Yue is Research Assistant at the Smart Learning Institute at Beijing Normal University, China, and at the National Engineering Research Center of Cyberlearning and Intelligent Technology. Her main research interests are smart education and information teaching applications.