In the eleventh and twelfth centuries the Normans had a formative influence on the development of states and societies in the British Isles, southern Italy and the Levant. Their achievements still resonate powerfully today, and represent a vital field of historical study. But how far did colonial elites define themselves as Norman, and to what exte 'This important collection of articles is the result of a collaborative research project...at Lancaster University. The authors take full advantage of the Normans' transnational, multiethnic exploits to contribute to a view of a Middle Ages that was far more complex and ambitious than is commonly thought...Highly recommended.' Choice 'This is a very interesting collection of essays which does much to improve our understanding of how the Normans dominated but also integrated into the lands that they conquered.' Arquebusier 'This is an excellent and thought-provoking volume.' English Historical Review