Utilization of xylose by bacteria, yeasts, and fungi.- d-Xylose metabolism by mutant strains of Candida sp..- Ethanol production from d-xylose and several other carbohydrates by Pachysolen tannophilus and other yeasts.- Biology and physiology of the d-xylose fermenting yeast Pachysolen tannophilus.- Bioconversion of pentoses to 2,3-butanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae.- Bacterial conversion of pentose sugars to acetone and butanol.- Lignin: Biosynthesis, application, and biodegradation.